Function: Ball valves are among the most common and reliable types of valves used in home plumbing. They feature a spherical disc with a hole through it, which controls water flow through the valve.

Use: These valves are ideal for applications where tight shut-off is required. They are typically used in the main water shut-off points of the house and are appreciated for their durability and excellent sealing capabilities.

Function: Gate valves operate by lifting a gate out of the path of the water, allowing for unobstructed flow. They are operated by turning a wheel handle.

Use: Due to their ability to provide a secure seal and because they must be fully opened or closed, gate valves are commonly used as the main shut-off valves in residential plumbing systems. However, they are not suitable for regulating flow, as the gate can wear out if adjusted frequently.

Function: Globe valves are named for their spherical body shape, with the internal chamber dividing into two halves. They regulate flow through a movable disk-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally spherical body.

Use: Globe valves are used for regulating flow in a pipeline. Their design allows for precise throttling of flow, making them ideal for applications where the flow needs to be adjusted regularly, such as in outdoor faucets or showers.

Function: Check valves allow liquid to flow in only one direction and prevent backflow by automatically closing when fluid attempts to flow back through the valve.

Use: These valves are essential in preventing backflow of contaminated water back into the potable water supply. They are often used in conjunction with sump pumps, where backflow could be problematic.

Function: Pressure relief valves protect plumbing systems by opening at a set pressure to release excessive pressure and prevent pipes from bursting.

Use: These valves are critical in water heating systems where high pressure can build up. They ensure system safety by preventing potential damage due to overpressure conditions.

Function: Butterfly valves control flow with a disk rotating on a diametrical axis inside a pipe, creating a variable aperture.

Use: Butterfly valves are used in large pipe diameters requiring a compact, low-cost valve to handle high-flow capacities. They are often seen in wastewater treatment facilities within large scale plumbing systems.

Understanding these different types of valves and their specific functions within a plumbing system can enhance your ability to maintain and repair your home's plumbing effectively. Whether you’re a DIY enthusiast or just trying to understand more about your home's plumbing system, City Plumbing and Rooter can help ensure that you choose the right valve for the right job, every time.